Halloween aside, today, 31 October, is Reformation Day. This date commemorates the day when, in 1517, on the eve of All Saints Day, a young monk and theology lecturer, Martin Luther, according to the custom of the time, nailed 95 theses to the Cathedral door at Wittenberg, inviting debate. The content of the 95 theses was, in some ways, not that subversive. For example, it begins by saying that repentance is not just about going to confession and performing the acts of penitence prescribed by the priest, but about heartfelt contrition and a life of repentance. However, Luther's actions in 1517 set in motion debate that eventually led, in 1521, to him and others being excluded from the Roman Catholic church and becoming a separate gospel church (German: Evangelisch ). Luther's "brand" of Reformation involved only minimal change to the outward appearance of churches, and focused on the internal message of the gospel, in particular the good news of justification by fai