Provinces of the Roman Empire

Rome began its outward expansion in the 200s BC. The first Roman colony was Sicily, conquered during the course of the First Punic war in 254 BC. Carthage was subsumed after three Punic wars, and Greece later likewise included in the ongoing expansion.

By the time of the late Roman Empire, from 284 AD, the Empire was divided into 4 Praetorian prefectures, totalling 15 or so civil dioceses:

Praetorian prefecture of the Gauls

Gallia (including, in part or in whole, areas of what is now Belgium, Germany, the Netherlands and Switzerland)
Vienennsis (southern, Romanised Gaul)
Hispania
Britannia

Praetorian prefecture of Italy & Africa

Italia suburbicaria (around Rome)
Italia annonaria (northern Italy)
Africa (north Africa)

Praetorian prefecture of Illyricum (Balkans)

Pannonia
Dacia (modern-day Romania)
Macedonia (including modern-day Greece)

Praetorian prefecture of Oriens (from Bulgaria across modern Turkey and down to the Levant and Egypt)

Thracia
Asiana
Pontus
Oriens (including three provinces of "Palaestina")
Egyptus

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The history of the Christian Church in twenty places

α. Jerusalem (30 or 33 AD) The place where Christ, the Son-of-God-become-man, died on the Cross, was raised from the dead on the third day, and from where he ascended back to heaven. This is also where the Holy Spirit was poured out on the first disciples. Sometime after AD 44 (Acts 12), Peter, John and other Apostles dispersed across the world to bear testimony to the risen Christ. 1. Ephesus (approx. 100 AD) The place where the Apostles, Paul and John, handed over to the next generation of Christian leaders, which included the “Apostolic Fathers”. One such “Apostolic Father”, Ignatius of Antioch, passed through Ephesus on his way to martyrdom at Rome, and addressed a letter to the church at Ephesus. 2. Athens (second century) The centre of Greek thought, which Justin Martyr and other Second Century Apologists addressed in their presentations of the Christian faith, proclaiming Christ as the Logos (the Word or principle underlying the universe). 3. Lyon (from 177) The church in

Bury, Greater Manchester - Timeline of churches

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Bible translations

God has given us his written word in Hebrew and Greek (plus a little bit of Aramaic in the book of Daniel). In order for God's word to be accessible to those who speak other languages, since Biblical times God's word has been translated into other languages. At the time of Nehemiah, the Levites "gave the meaning" of the Scriptures. This would probably have involved oral translation (interpreting) into the Aramaic language people used for everyday speech. Jesus himself, when quoted in the gospels, spoke Aramaic and quotes the Scripture in that language. Likewise, on the day of Pentecost, the Holy Spirit came upon the believers and enabled them to declare the wonders of God in the languages of those present. There is also a longstanding history of written translation (as opposed to oral translation). The best-known translation of the Old Testament is called the Septuagint, a translation into Greek commissioned by Ptolemy II Philadelphus (285–247 BCE). There were als

Crumbs from the Table

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